Human Resource Management for Job Enrichment - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHuman Resource Management for Job Enrichment. Answer: Job enrichment is simply a management technique to get people to work harder for the same pay. Job enrichment is a medium to motivate employees of the organization by assigning them extra responsibility normally reserved for upper level employees. It encourages the enthusiasm of the employee and they feel importance to the company. Job enrichment is the technique of job which helps in job enlargement. It is considered as an attempt to motivate the employees by giving them a chance to utilize their abilities in an effective manner. Job enrichment is an idea was promoted by American psychologist Frederick Hertzberg in the 1950s. It is the way enhance contrasted job enlargement to increase the amount of tasks without changing the challenge. It has been described as vertical loading of a job on the other hand job enlargement is considered as horizontal loading (Fried, Laurence, Shirom, Melamed, Toker, Berliner Shapira, 2013). Job enrichment is the way to encourage employees by provide them number of responsibility and variety in their task it will enhance their productivity appro priately. It has been analyzed that many employers believe that money is the only element to motivate the employees to enlarge the job. While that thinking was true only for a small group of people. Job enrichments are the procedure which helps employees to have more control in their planning and accomplish the task within time frame. It encourages employees to perform in an efficient way to attain a natural desire and make them feel that they are the part of the company team. It is rightly said that the job enrichment is a simply management technique to get people to work harder for the same pay. It has been stated by Parker, (2014), it is a technique which enhances the decision making authority of the employees. It enlarges the job by providing the challenging task to the employees so that they can prove themselves in an efficient way and make able to increase their confidence. Job enrichment is the management technique which helps not to only motivate the employees but also helps the organization to attain the selected goals within time frame by utilizing the employees in an efficient manner. According to Herzberg, an enriched job has characteristics such as direct feedback, client relationship, new learning, unique experience, control over resources, direct communication authority, personal accountability and scheduling own work (Smith Shields, 2013). Due to enriched job employees of the organization can get direct feedback of their performance and th ey should be able to get immediate information of the outcome they are attaining. In the characteristic of client relationship, employee can serve effective services to client directly and maintain the health client relationship. An enriched job is able to provide the more learning ton the employees. Job enrichment is the technique which allows employee to schedule own work. Deciding when to tackle which task is the instance of self scheduling. An enriched job has the unique feature in comparison of another job. The most effective characteristic of job enrichment is that employees have own control on their costs, expenses and task. Employee of the organization is able to communicate directly to them who use their output. Personal accountability exists in the job enrichment which allows employer to blame on their poor work and appraise on their good work. By providing the freedom to their employees in their work, methods, pace and sequence and increase the responsibility of the emplo yees, employer can enrich the job. Job enrichment is the very useful techniques in an organization. the advantages of job enrichment within an organizations are enhanced the interest in job of employees, reduce the rate of absenteeism and turnover, provide opportunities to growth in self realization, task enforcement, job satisfaction, enhance the qualitative and quantitative improvement and creative job (Duffield, Baldwin, Roche Wise, 2014). These are the advantageous factor of job enrichment. It has been found in many places that the employees of the organization gets fed up with their routine boring job, job enrichments is the procedure which remove their frustration of boring job with the help of job enrichment (Danford, 2013). It facilitates to reduce the turnover and absenteeism of the employee in the organization. It is a technique of enhancing the growth of employees in the term of self realization and provides so many opportunities to promote within an organization. The task of an individual is become easy w ith the help of job enrichment and the capabilities of employees are enhanced. Job satisfaction is essential point for remaining in the organization for a long time and job enrichment is able to provide the job satisfaction of the employees by motivation and providing various opportunities (Tang, Siu Cheung, 2014). It has been analyzed that enriched job improve the qualitative as well as quantitative improvement of the employees. Lazaroiu argued (2015); Employees tend to more effective and creative when they work in a context of enriching of complex and challenging job. It reduces the repetitive task of the employees and redesigns the job. Highly relation is the concept of job rotation which moves ahead by swapping huge rolls not in additional tasks. For instance, internships and graduates schemes are offered by Qantas. These graduates schemes help employees to rotate by various roles and departments according to experience in the business. It is affordable to except that this schemes can be enhanced to other staff within administrative functions where equal skills might be need in various roles. It has been analyzed that job enlargement is fundamentally similar with job enrichment that expands the job of a role in horizontal directions. Higher level of skills is required to expand the role of a job. Job enrichment is being used in the organization to gauge the employees and provide the opportunities to them of promotion. An example of this statement would be providing staff part time or bounded supervisory system or giving them projects of leadership (Oldham Fried, 2016). Taking on bigger task is the example of job enrichment. If someone is owner of the newsletter publishing company, he can enrich his assistant editors task by providing an opportunity to go from 500 words article to 1000 words article features. While they are accustomed with the editing practices and standards of the company, the duties and responsibility of the editing practices of editing articles which is more significant might enhance the richness of their positions. The most effective example of job enrichment can be the job of graph designer. For instance, graphic designers work at the company of publishing and advertising agencies along with design firms. It is the responsibility of them to create the marketing materials with the feature of well designed that should be able to attract the attention of customers. They are more efficient to create everything from logos to brochures as well as advertisements of web banner. Graphic designers are those professional who are more clos ely with print buyers. It will be possible for the employer of the company of graphic designer to enrich the job of him from graphic designer in to a printing position in the form of job rotation (Cummings Worley, 2014). Graphic designer can enhance his ability to find out that what design will look like when they reach to print buyers, they will get experience of new designs in papers and the combination of correct colors. Job enrichment is the management technique to get people to work harder in the same pay. Employer of the organization can get benefited with the help of job enrichment because it involves greater variety with higher knowledge and skills which is considered more important in the comparison of paid skills. There are number of theories which are being used in the organization to motivate the employees. These theories of motivation can be X and Y theory, Maslows hierarchy theory, Hertzbergs two factor theory and expectancy theory (Band, Shah, Sriram Appliances, 2016). Each theory has pros and cons. As a result, some critics have suggested that job enrichment is essential for the management because it enhance the productivity of an employee by providing them different challenges. The manager of the organization who believes in job enrichment is more proactive from a manipulation. Manager connected the task to basic motivational needs of human by participative management, job enlargement, job rotation and apply various programs that merged at least half from the work of McGregors theory, in such case the measurement of an employer was on the productivity of the employees in the comparison of measurements of employee well being. It has been criticized that one of the part that is Y theory of motivational theory is condescending scheme which enhance the productivity of the employee and unless employees share in the benefits of the economic for the purpose of increasing the productivity. They have been generally duped in the harder working for the same pay. References Band, G., Shah, N. V., Sriram, R., Appliances, E. (2016). Herzberg Two Factor Theory among the Management Faculty in Nagpur City. InInternational Conference on Management and Information Systems September(Vol. 23, p. 24). Cummings, T. G., Worley, C. G. (2014).Organization development and change. Cengage learning. Danford, A. (2013).Japanese management techniques and British workers. Routledge. Duffield, C., Baldwin, R., Roche, M., Wise, S. (2014). Job enrichment: creating meaningful career development opportunities for nurses.Journal of nursing management,22(6), 697-706. Fried, Y., Laurence, G. A., Shirom, A., Melamed, S., Toker, S., Berliner, S., Shapira, I. (2013). The relationship between job enrichment and abdominal obesity: A longitudinal field study of apparently healthy individuals.Journal of occupational health psychology,18(4), 458. Lazaroiu, G. (2015). Work Motivation and Organizational Behavior.Contemporary Readings in Law and Social Justice,7(2), 66. Oldham, G. R., Fried, Y. (2016). Job design research and theory: Past, present and future.Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes,136, 20-35. Parker, S. K. (2014). Beyond motivation: Job and work design for development, health, ambidexterity, and more.Annual review of psychology,65, 661-691. Pierce, J. R., Aguinis, H. (2013). The too-much-of-a-good-thing effect in management.Journal of Management,39(2), 313-338. Smith, D. B., Shields, J. (2013). Factors related to social service workers' job satisfaction: Revisiting Herzberg's motivation to work.Administration in Social Work,37(2), 189-198. Tang, S. W., Siu, O. L., Cheung, F. (2014). A study of workfamily enrichment among Chinese employees: The mediating role between work support and job satisfaction.Applied Psychology,63(1), 130-150.

Leonardo Da Vincis Notebooks free essay sample

Authors possible purposes (including publication). Looking at its contents, missing parts, order and secretive handwriting. Leonardo had several purposes in writing the manuscripts that are known as his notebooks. It would be difficult to make a complete list of every subject that he addressed in them, but the briefest list shows his reasons for writing. The pages include plans for books to be written, notes on Latin (which he did not study until he was over 40), notes on anatomy, geology, astronomy, botany and optics, lists of his own notebooks, speculations on proportion, observations of natural phenomenon, numerous speculations about the movement of water, long passages from books he had read, lists of words he had learned, mathematics he was learning, designs for machines and weapons, calculations of various kinds, reminders of questions he wanted to ask, ideas about painting, jokes and riddles he had been told, and sketches related to almost all these subjects. We will write a custom essay sample on Leonardo Da Vincis Notebooks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Clearly the..

BB King Essays - Lead Guitarists, B.B. King, Blues, Albert King

BB King B.B. King was a blues singer and guitarist. His full name is Riley B. King. He was born September 16, 1925, near Indianola, Mississippi. An important aspect in King's life was, of course, when he was first exposed to the blues. 'I guess the earliest sound of the blues that I can rremember was in the fields while people would be pickin' cotton or choppin' or somethin,' " he told Living Blues . " When I sing and play now I can hear those same sounds that I used to hear then as a kid." B.B. King's first musical influence came through religion. He was a member of the Church of God In Christ. He was forbidden to play blues at home. He sang in spiritual groups like the Elkhorn Singers and the Saint John's Gospel Singers. A relative who was a guitarist and a preacher showed King his first chords on the instrument. As a teenager he began playing streetcorners for coins, combining gospel songs with the blues. When he started making more money playing in one night then he would in a week on the farm, he decided to head to Memphis. After a few years, King went back to Indianola to work and repay some debts, eventually returning to Memphis to stay. King's trademark is the trilling vibrato he developed in an attempt to duplicate the stinging sound of the steel slide. With the help of the late Sonny Boy William- son he began singing radio commercials and became a disc jockey. Later he played in small clubs, and then in larger venues in the mid-1960's. He has toured extensivel y through- out the United States and around the world, appearing in concerts, at blues festivals, on television, and in films. How did Riley B. King receive the nickname B.B. King? Well, he was known as " the blues boy from Beale Street," later shortened to B.B. "Riley B. King is the world's preeminent blues guitarist. There is hardly a rock, pop, or blues player anywhere who doesn't owe him something." Frank Sinatra and Nat Cole are two who use the "B.B. King style of blues." Finally, I leave you with a quote. In a Rolling Stone interview King stated; " I was always afraid to say that I was a blues singer. Because it looked like people kind of looked down on you a lot of times when you mention the word blues. But I thank God today I can stick out my chest and say, yeah, I'm a blues singer !"

Influence of sex roles on the manifestation of leadership

Influence of sex roles on the manifestation of leadership During the old gone days, it was an abomination to belong in homosexual groups, people with disability were rejected, women and older individuals were undermined. In the world of today, it is seen that the minority groups such as the gay, lesbian, older individual, women and individual with disability are on the rise.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of sex roles on the manifestation of leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More All over the world these groups have started to be recognized as a result of increased lobbying by human rights organizations. Therefore, this paper seeks to define a cultural group and highlight factors which make the groups of homosexuality, women, older individual and individuals with disability to constitute a cultural group. According to Feldman (1984), a cultural group is a group of people with similar cultural experiences and share common characteristics. These common charact eristics may include religious inclination, ethnic background and commonality as defined by the physical appearance of the group members. It also includes a similarity in the sociological characteristics of the group. Given the above as our working definition, it is clear that sociological factors assist in defining a cultural group. This automatically makes the gays, and lesbians cultural group. Gays are male individuals who practise sex activity amongst themselves while the lesbians are female individual who practise sex activity amongst fellow women. It is therefore worthy to note that these groups are defined with a commonality of practicing homosexual activity. Socially, it is believed that marriage happens between different genders. However, this minority finds same gender sexual relationship satisfying. Therefore, the common factor within this group is the ability to find sex between people of similar gender satisfying. This is a sociological commonality. As a result, they al l belong to a cultural group since they share a similar cultural experience (Feldman, 1984). Another outstanding characteristic of a cultural group is physical commonality. Disability impedes with normal functioning of the body. It leads to difficulties in performing common and simple day to day tasks without special assistance. This makes individuals with disability to have a common cultural experience characterized by incapacitation.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Incapacitation means the body of a person does not function properly and require some help in order to perform daily routine. There are different levels of incapacitation like blindness, deafness, cripple, mental handicap to name but a few that make individual to have a common physical characteristic hence leading them to belong to a cultural group (Megargee, 1969). Apart from physical disabilities, old age can also be classified as a characteristic that can make one belong to a cultural group of the aged. These are people who have lived long and had some of their body organs fail to function normally. Similarly, they also have a common physical appearance in addition to some common incapacitation. Furthermore, the way aged people behave draws a common line between them making them sociologically bound by a common behavior. Finally, aged people tend to have grown under similar culture and events making them similar in their way of life (Megargee, 1969). Finally, physical commonality and sociological commonality make women a distinct cultural group. Physically, women have similar characteristics. They are also believed to be weak as compared to men. Their social positions in certain communities tend to make them distinguished from the rest of the population. This makes them a cultural group defined by commonality in physical appearance and sociological characteristics. In conclusion, t he factors discussed above (homosexuality, incapacitation and age) are some of the factors that lead to a similar commonality. However there are other factors which have not been highlighted in the paper. It is therefore prudent to argue that the mentioned groups are well distinguished cultural groups. This is important because it gives policy makers ability to formulate appropriate policies to better lives of the people. Reference List Feldman, D.C. (1984). The development and enforcement of group norms,  Academy of Management Review, 9, 47-53. Megargee, E. (1969). Influence of sex roles on the manifestation of leadership.  Journal of Applied Psychology, 53, 377-382.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Influence of sex roles on the manifestation of leadership specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Consumer affected by marketing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Consumer affected by marketing - Assignment Example Moreover, several studies have shown that technology plays a vital role in making a company cost effective as well as meeting the growing demand of consumers. Nowadays, technology is vastly used in marketing campaigns of companies and deeply impacts the consumers as well. With the emergence and development of internet, marketers started to use it as a platform of promoting their products and services. Regarding, this context social media has been a key tool for the business houses. In the last few decades, there has been a surge in the implementation of e-commerce applications and few researchers deem that the cause of increased usage of e-commerce is the ongoing trends. This study aims to analyze the impact of social media marketing on the purchase behavior of the consumers. The study will mainly rely on the secondary sources of information and will also consider the previous research papers about the subject of concern. Lastly, on the basis of the findings from the analysis, the st udy will recommend few techniques to the companies regarding how they can improve their social media marketing campaign. Discussion and Analysis Consumer Buying Process The consumer buying process is described through 5 different stages namely problem recognition, information search, evaluation, purchase decision and lastly post purchase behavior. (Source: Kotler and Keller 15-25) Among the aforementioned stages, the role of marketers is crucial during the information search and evaluation phase. In these two stages, consumers generally go through a series of assessments so as to ultimately reach a decision. Kotler and Keller (15-25) in this regards have accentuated that during the evaluation phase, a consumer forms preferences among the brands. The preference of a brand is as a result of the evaluation of the information. A consumer generally starts with exploration of different products and therefore a product with high visibility gets more inclination. According to Kotler and Kel ler (17-26) a consumer is undoubtedly influenced by the â€Å"infomediaries† often regarded as the intermediaries, who publishes the evaluation of products through tabular comparison. For example, studies have shown that reviews on the websites such as blogs, tweets, bulletin boards etc., highly influence the consumer purchase decision. Once the assessments of the alternative choices are made, consumers try to formulate a belief about the alternatives that guides their intention, attitude and finally their selection among the alternatives. (Source: Weber 2- 18) There are certain other factors as well affecting the consumer buying decision, yet attitude about the products and services are dubbed as the powerful predictors of the patterns and processes of the exposure to information. In addition, attitude which is learned through trails and past experience comprises of three elements namely conative, cognitive and affective. Therefore, from an overall point of view it can be sa ted that consumer buying process consists of several steps and a number of factors affects their decision making process. The next section of the study will try to analyze the extent to which social media, a recent buzz for the marketers influences the decision making process of consumers. Social Media Marketing The usage of social media has been increasing at a robust rate. For the marketing professionals, social media generally acts as a tool that is potentially used to create and increase awareness of

George Frideric Handel Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

George Frideric Handel - Term Paper Example The boy who would later become a renowned musician was born on 23rd February 1685 (Schoelcher 2). He exhibited ardent interest in music from an early age, although his father objected to his determination to pursue music. Handel’s father conformed to the societal opinion during that time. The people of the 17th and 18th century viewed music as a hobby undeserving of been considering a career. People who exhibited too much passion in hobbies earned a negative reputation in the society. The majority of people sought to have a high profile career, explaining why Handel’s father wanted his son to pursue law, which had a higher societal regard. However, despite this resistance from his father, he strived to learn the organ and the clavichord. His mother helped him in discretion, offering him the clavichord. He learned these organs on his own and made good progress. On one occasion, a duke recognized that he had a talent in music after hearing him playing the organ, and took the initiative of pleading his father. The duke’s efforts bore fruit and Handel’s father allowed him to register for music classes. Handel encountered Zacchau as his first music teacher at the Lutheran church in his hometown when he was eight years old. Through the instruction of Zacchau, he registered fast progress in his musical career, such that at 11, he was excelling in playing the harpsichord, violin, and the organ. Moreover, he gained exemplary skills in composition, harmony, and the counterpoint. At this point, Handel’s father exhibited the conviction that his son had acquired sufficient skills in music, and wanted to bring the music classes to a halt. However, when he got home, his father died a factor that compelled him to pursue the wishes of his father and spend the years that followed studying in order to fulfill his father’s wishes. During this time, he also embarked on enhancing his music knowledge by working with the church by playing the organ and cantatas writing. On attaining the age of 18, he decided to pursue music as his career, with an ardent determination to advance his musical skills. After making that decision in his life, he relocated to Hamburg in Germany (Rockstro 65). Handel’s Musical Career When Handel moved to Hamburg, he had made his determination to nurture his talent, and impact the music industry in a diverse way. Hamburg had earned a name as a renowned center in opera music (Mainwaring 44). This attribute attracted the talented Handel to Hamburg. On arrival, he landed a job in an opera house that was very popular in the city to take the role of playing the violin. Handel proved aggressive by seizing every opportunity to exhibit his talent in the playing other instruments such as the harpsichord. For example, he seized the opportunity presented by the absence of a musician to exhibit his talent in playing the harpsichord. Moreover, he established an acquaintance with Johann Mattheson who wa s four years older. Johann Mattheson demonstrated exemplary talent in composition, singing, and defining music theories. Apparently, Handel was hot-tempered, and he was involved in an ugly argument with Mattheson concerning of the operas by Mattheson (Parker 66). That argument compromised their working relationship, and the two no longer worked together. After spending some time in Hamburg, he gained popularity that appealed the prince of Italy, who invited him to Italy. He

What has gone wrong with Williams teams efforts and what should be Case Study

What has gone wrong with Williams teams efforts and what should be done to ensure a successful outcome for the team - Case Study Example The group dynamic theory highlights on the social and psychological problems that come up in workplaces. Members of the team have differences in their opinions on the way forward. Tom is one of the longest serving employees in the organization and has earned more respect from William. Other members of the team include Bryce, Casey, and Jenny. â€Å"They do not feel loyalty for the organizations they work for† (Barr and Gassenheimer 2005, p.82) The major setback among the team leaders is that they lack a common understanding. â€Å"Designing team assignments and creating environments that support and enhance these skills are critical for learning," (Barr and Gassenheimer, 2005, p. 82) Tom makes most of the decisions hence denying other members of the chance to express their views. According to the group dynamic theory, all team members should be offered an equal opportunity to present their ideas. On the contrary, Tom is seen to make most of the contributions whereas he is not the group leader. Another problem is the lack of interest. Bryce’s objective is to see the work done. He does not care where the ideas on the new renovations will be put in place. Jenny, on the other hand, has also been issued with another project that has led to her change in focus. The group dynamic theory has stipulated various solutions to group problems. Firstly, the levels of personal and teamwork communications should be advanced. â€Å"All communication within groups is between individuals and is, therefore, interpersonal communication† (David and Frank 2000, p.145). Relay of information among the group members will help them improve their skills. All employees should contribute opinions while the group leaders should make rational decisions. â€Å"The group predominates over the individuals and members are expected to accommodate to the demands of the group† (Hill, James, Danny, & Mark, 2007, p.71). Tom’s hard work has made the other team members to look